{ "name": "Shipping Container Markings Reference Set", "version": "1.0.1", "verified_date": "2026-09-15", "methodology": { "algorithm_reference": "https://www.containerhandbuch.de/chb_e/stra/stra_03_03_00.html", "licensed_current_iso_text_reviewed": false, "checksum_rule": "raw weighted sum modulo 11; printed digit is raw modulo 10", "identifier_space": "26^3 possible owner prefixes, fixed equipment U, six digits 000000–999999; hypothetical, not registered fleet", "full_space_count_method": "Exact integer convolution of prefix and serial residue distributions; no sampling", "serial_bruteforce_check": "Passed: independently enumerated all 1,000,000 serials and matched all 11 residue counts", "checksum_state_grid": "Each directed change pattern x all eleven starting raw remainders, equally weighted; not an empirical or fleet-weighted error rate", "count_of_prefixes_by_remainder10_serial_count": { "90909": 15983, "90910": 1593 }, "synthetic_examples": "BIC-prefixed constructed counterexamples make no registration, ownership or physical-existence claim", "calculation_rounding": "kg/lb factor exact from NIST; converted pounds rounded to nearest whole pound only where identified; carrier-supplied imperial cells retained unchanged" }, "tables": { "check-digit-audit": [ { "letter": "A", "assigned_value": 10, "value_mod_11": 10, "behaviour_group_members": "AKU", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "B", "assigned_value": 12, "value_mod_11": 1, "behaviour_group_members": "BLV", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "C", "assigned_value": 13, "value_mod_11": 2, "behaviour_group_members": "CMW", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "D", "assigned_value": 14, "value_mod_11": 3, "behaviour_group_members": "DNX", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "E", "assigned_value": 15, "value_mod_11": 4, "behaviour_group_members": "EOY", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "F", "assigned_value": 16, "value_mod_11": 5, "behaviour_group_members": "FPZ", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "G", "assigned_value": 17, "value_mod_11": 6, "behaviour_group_members": "GQ", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "H", "assigned_value": 18, "value_mod_11": 7, "behaviour_group_members": "HR", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "I", "assigned_value": 19, "value_mod_11": 8, "behaviour_group_members": "IS", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "J", "assigned_value": 20, "value_mod_11": 9, "behaviour_group_members": "JT", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "K", "assigned_value": 21, "value_mod_11": 10, "behaviour_group_members": "AKU", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "L", "assigned_value": 23, "value_mod_11": 1, "behaviour_group_members": "BLV", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "M", "assigned_value": 24, "value_mod_11": 2, "behaviour_group_members": "CMW", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "N", "assigned_value": 25, "value_mod_11": 3, "behaviour_group_members": "DNX", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "O", "assigned_value": 26, "value_mod_11": 4, "behaviour_group_members": "EOY", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "P", "assigned_value": 27, "value_mod_11": 5, "behaviour_group_members": "FPZ", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "Q", "assigned_value": 28, "value_mod_11": 6, "behaviour_group_members": "GQ", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "R", "assigned_value": 29, "value_mod_11": 7, "behaviour_group_members": "HR", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "S", "assigned_value": 30, "value_mod_11": 8, "behaviour_group_members": "IS", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "T", "assigned_value": 31, "value_mod_11": 9, "behaviour_group_members": "JT", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "U", "assigned_value": 32, "value_mod_11": 10, "behaviour_group_members": "AKU", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "V", "assigned_value": 34, "value_mod_11": 1, "behaviour_group_members": "BLV", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "W", "assigned_value": 35, "value_mod_11": 2, "behaviour_group_members": "CMW", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "X", "assigned_value": 36, "value_mod_11": 3, "behaviour_group_members": "DNX", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "Y", "assigned_value": 37, "value_mod_11": 4, "behaviour_group_members": "EOY", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter": "Z", "assigned_value": 38, "value_mod_11": 5, "behaviour_group_members": "FPZ", "source_id": "S08", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "blind-spot-pairs": [ { "letter_a": "A", "value_a": 10, "letter_b": "K", "value_b": 21, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 10, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "A", "value_a": 10, "letter_b": "U", "value_b": 32, "value_difference": 22, "shared_mod_11": 10, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "B", "value_a": 12, "letter_b": "L", "value_b": 23, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 1, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "B", "value_a": 12, "letter_b": "V", "value_b": 34, "value_difference": 22, "shared_mod_11": 1, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "C", "value_a": 13, "letter_b": "M", "value_b": 24, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 2, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "C", "value_a": 13, "letter_b": "W", "value_b": 35, "value_difference": 22, "shared_mod_11": 2, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "D", "value_a": 14, "letter_b": "N", "value_b": 25, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 3, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "D", "value_a": 14, "letter_b": "X", "value_b": 36, "value_difference": 22, "shared_mod_11": 3, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "E", "value_a": 15, "letter_b": "O", "value_b": 26, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 4, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "E", "value_a": 15, "letter_b": "Y", "value_b": 37, "value_difference": 22, "shared_mod_11": 4, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "F", "value_a": 16, "letter_b": "P", "value_b": 27, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 5, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "F", "value_a": 16, "letter_b": "Z", "value_b": 38, "value_difference": 22, "shared_mod_11": 5, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "G", "value_a": 17, "letter_b": "Q", "value_b": 28, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 6, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "H", "value_a": 18, "letter_b": "R", "value_b": 29, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 7, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "I", "value_a": 19, "letter_b": "S", "value_b": 30, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 8, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "J", "value_a": 20, "letter_b": "T", "value_b": 31, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 9, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "K", "value_a": 21, "letter_b": "U", "value_b": 32, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 10, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "L", "value_a": 23, "letter_b": "V", "value_b": 34, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 1, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "M", "value_a": 24, "letter_b": "W", "value_b": 35, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 2, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "N", "value_a": 25, "letter_b": "X", "value_b": 36, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 3, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "O", "value_a": 26, "letter_b": "Y", "value_b": 37, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 4, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "letter_a": "P", "value_a": 27, "letter_b": "Z", "value_b": 38, "value_difference": 11, "shared_mod_11": 5, "effect": "Always preserves the raw remainder and printed digit at a fixed owner-letter position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "single-character-audit": [ { "position": 1, "field": "owner", "directed_change_patterns": 650, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 44, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 120, "checksum_states_tested": 7150, "undetected_checksum_states": 604, "detected_checksum_states": 6546, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 91.552447552, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 2, "field": "owner", "directed_change_patterns": 650, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 44, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 120, "checksum_states_tested": 7150, "undetected_checksum_states": 604, "detected_checksum_states": 6546, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 91.552447552, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 3, "field": "owner", "directed_change_patterns": 650, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 44, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 122, "checksum_states_tested": 7150, "undetected_checksum_states": 606, "detected_checksum_states": 6544, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 91.524475524, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 4, "field": "equipment", "directed_change_patterns": 6, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 2, "checksum_states_tested": 66, "undetected_checksum_states": 2, "detected_checksum_states": 64, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 96.96969697, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 5, "field": "serial", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 6, "field": "serial", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 7, "field": "serial", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 8, "field": "serial", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 9, "field": "serial", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 10, "field": "serial", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "single-character-summary": [ { "scope": "owner_all", "directed_change_patterns": 1950, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 132, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 362, "checksum_states_tested": 21450, "undetected_checksum_states": 1814, "detected_checksum_states": 19636, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 91.543123543, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "scope": "equipment", "directed_change_patterns": 6, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 2, "checksum_states_tested": 66, "undetected_checksum_states": 2, "detected_checksum_states": 64, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 96.96969697, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "scope": "serial_all", "directed_change_patterns": 540, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 108, "checksum_states_tested": 5940, "undetected_checksum_states": 108, "detected_checksum_states": 5832, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "scope": "body_all", "directed_change_patterns": 2496, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 132, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 472, "checksum_states_tested": 27456, "undetected_checksum_states": 1924, "detected_checksum_states": 25532, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 92.992424242, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "transposition-audit": [ { "position_pair": "1-2", "directed_change_patterns": 650, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 44, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 120, "checksum_states_tested": 7150, "undetected_checksum_states": 604, "detected_checksum_states": 6546, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 91.552447552, "format_scope": "Distinct characters; unchanged same-character swaps excluded", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position_pair": "2-3", "directed_change_patterns": 650, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 44, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 120, "checksum_states_tested": 7150, "undetected_checksum_states": 604, "detected_checksum_states": 6546, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 91.552447552, "format_scope": "Distinct characters; unchanged same-character swaps excluded", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position_pair": "3-4", "directed_change_patterns": 6, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 0, "checksum_states_tested": 66, "undetected_checksum_states": 0, "detected_checksum_states": 66, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 100.0, "format_scope": "Only U/J/Z in the third owner position keep the fourth position structurally valid", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position_pair": "4-5", "directed_change_patterns": 0, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 0, "checksum_states_tested": 0, "undetected_checksum_states": 0, "detected_checksum_states": 0, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 0.0, "format_scope": "All swaps cross letter/digit fields and are structurally invalid; excluded from numerical count", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position_pair": "5-6", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "format_scope": "Distinct characters; unchanged same-character swaps excluded", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position_pair": "6-7", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "format_scope": "Distinct characters; unchanged same-character swaps excluded", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position_pair": "7-8", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "format_scope": "Distinct characters; unchanged same-character swaps excluded", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position_pair": "8-9", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "format_scope": "Distinct characters; unchanged same-character swaps excluded", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position_pair": "9-10", "directed_change_patterns": 90, "always_invisible_same_remainder_patterns": 0, "additional_zero_alias_patterns": 18, "checksum_states_tested": 990, "undetected_checksum_states": 18, "detected_checksum_states": 972, "detection_pct_equal_weight_checksum_states": 98.181818182, "format_scope": "Distinct characters; unchanged same-character swaps excluded", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "validation": [ { "container_number": "BICU1234565", "reference_check_digit": 5, "raw_remainder": 5, "recomputed_check_digit": 5, "match": true, "example_basis": "BIC published theoretical example", "source_id": "S09", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/bic-codes/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "container_number": "SUDU3070079", "reference_check_digit": 9, "raw_remainder": 9, "recomputed_check_digit": 9, "match": true, "example_basis": "GDV published example", "source_id": "S08", "source_url": "https://www.containerhandbuch.de/chb_e/stra/stra_03_03_00.html", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "container_number": "TEXU4521496", "reference_check_digit": 6, "raw_remainder": 6, "recomputed_check_digit": 6, "match": true, "example_basis": "GDV published example", "source_id": "S08", "source_url": "https://www.containerhandbuch.de/chb_e/stra/stra_03_03_00.html", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "container_number": "BICU0000140", "reference_check_digit": 0, "raw_remainder": 0, "recomputed_check_digit": 0, "match": true, "example_basis": "Constructed example; not a claim about a registered or physical unit", "source_id": "DERIVED", "source_url": "", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "container_number": "BICU2000140", "reference_check_digit": 0, "raw_remainder": 10, "recomputed_check_digit": 0, "match": true, "example_basis": "Constructed single-serial-digit change; not a claim about a registered or physical unit", "source_id": "DERIVED", "source_url": "", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "worked-check-digit": [ { "position": 1, "character": "B", "assigned_value": 12, "weight": 1, "product": 12, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 2, "character": "I", "assigned_value": 19, "weight": 2, "product": 38, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 3, "character": "C", "assigned_value": 13, "weight": 4, "product": 52, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 4, "character": "U", "assigned_value": 32, "weight": 8, "product": 256, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 5, "character": "1", "assigned_value": 1, "weight": 16, "product": 16, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 6, "character": "2", "assigned_value": 2, "weight": 32, "product": 64, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 7, "character": "3", "assigned_value": 3, "weight": 64, "product": 192, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 8, "character": "4", "assigned_value": 4, "weight": 128, "product": 512, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 9, "character": "5", "assigned_value": 5, "weight": 256, "product": 1280, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "position": 10, "character": "6", "assigned_value": 6, "weight": 512, "product": 3072, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "raw-remainder-distribution": [ { "raw_remainder": 0, "printed_digit": 0, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818194, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "raw_remainder": 1, "printed_digit": 1, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818189, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "raw_remainder": 2, "printed_digit": 2, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818180, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "raw_remainder": 3, "printed_digit": 3, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818178, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "raw_remainder": 4, "printed_digit": 4, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818187, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "raw_remainder": 5, "printed_digit": 5, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818181, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "raw_remainder": 6, "printed_digit": 6, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818184, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "raw_remainder": 7, "printed_digit": 7, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818162, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "raw_remainder": 8, "printed_digit": 8, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818186, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "raw_remainder": 9, "printed_digit": 9, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818182, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "raw_remainder": 10, "printed_digit": 0, "hypothetical_U_identifier_bodies": 1597818177, "population_bodies": 17576000000, "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "check-digit-audit-summary": [ { "metric": "owner_always_invisible_directed_pairs", "value": 44, "denominator_or_qualification": "44 of 26*25 ordered letter substitutions at a fixed owner position", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "owner_always_invisible_pct", "value": 6.769230769230769, "denominator_or_qualification": "Pattern share, not an empirical error rate or total undetected share", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "unordered_indistinguishable_letter_pairs", "value": 22, "denominator_or_qualification": "Six groups of three and four groups of two letters", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "raw_remainder_ten_bodies", "value": 1597818177, "denominator_or_qualification": "All 26^3 prefixes x 1,000,000 serials, fixed equipment U; no registration filter", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "raw_remainder_ten_pct", "value": 9.090909063495676, "denominator_or_qualification": "Not unissuable: final rule prints 0", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "volume_increase_pct", "value": 159.03614457831324, "denominator_or_qualification": "45-foot HC example versus 20-foot standard example", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "volume_ratio", "value": 2.5903614457831323, "denominator_or_qualification": "45-foot HC volume divided by 20-foot standard volume", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "payload_change_45_vs_20_kg", "value": -430, "denominator_or_qualification": "45-foot HC example minus 20-foot standard example", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "payload_range_kg", "value": 1050, "denominator_or_qualification": "Maximum minus minimum across four examples", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "payload_range_pct_of_minimum", "value": 3.7906137184115525, "denominator_or_qualification": "Range divided by smallest example payload, not the mean", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "tare_4800_kg_converted_lb", "value": 10582.188584874124, "denominator_or_qualification": "Computed using NIST exact kg/lb; source separately prints 10,552 lb", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "tare_4800_kg_rounded_lb", "value": 10582, "denominator_or_qualification": "Nearest whole pound; not an overwritten source cell", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "iso_668_base_threshold_rounded_lb", "value": 79366, "denominator_or_qualification": "36,000 kg base-text threshold, nearest whole pound", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "iso_threshold_headroom_under_80000_lb", "value": 634, "denominator_or_qualification": "Illustrative subtraction, not a road permit or actual load determination", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "40hc_payload_example_kg", "value": 28600, "denominator_or_qualification": "Metric maximum gross minus metric tare", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "metric": "40hc_vs_40standard_payload_change_kg", "value": -150, "denominator_or_qualification": "Same 32,500 kg gross rating; 150 kg greater tare", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "rating-vs-iowa-limits": [ { "scenario": "20-foot carrier example", "marked_or_limit": "marked/example", "kg": 30480, "lb": 67197, "comparison_combination_lb": 80000, "remaining_lb_in_stated_comparison": 12803, "source_ids": "S22;S20", "note": "Published carrier pounds; comparison assumes an 80,000 lb combination scenario", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "scenario": "40-foot standard/high-cube examples", "marked_or_limit": "marked/example", "kg": 32500, "lb": 71650, "comparison_combination_lb": 80000, "remaining_lb_in_stated_comparison": 8350, "source_ids": "S23;S24;S20", "note": "Published carrier pounds; no tractor/chassis mass measured", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "scenario": "ISO 668:2020 base-text threshold", "marked_or_limit": "marked/example", "kg": 36000, "lb": 79366, "comparison_combination_lb": 80000, "remaining_lb_in_stated_comparison": 634, "source_ids": "S13;S28;S20", "note": "Base standard clause 5.2.2; later amendment not reviewed", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "scenario": "80,000 lb reference combination", "marked_or_limit": "legal reference", "kg": "", "lb": 80000, "comparison_combination_lb": 80000, "remaining_lb_in_stated_comparison": "", "source_ids": "S20", "note": "Comparison baseline, not a universal Iowa ceiling", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "scenario": "Ordinary pneumatic-tire single/tandem axle limits", "marked_or_limit": "legal reference", "kg": "", "lb": "", "comparison_combination_lb": "", "remaining_lb_in_stated_comparison": "", "source_ids": "S20", "note": "20,000 / 34,000 lb; applicable exceptions and all axle/group limits still matter", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "scenario": "Qualifying noninterstate six-axle combination at 60 ft", "marked_or_limit": "legal reference", "kg": "", "lb": 90000, "comparison_combination_lb": 90000, "remaining_lb_in_stated_comparison": 22803, "source_ids": "S20", "note": "22,803 lb difference against 67,197 lb example; statutory conditions apply", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "scenario": "Qualifying noninterstate seven-axle combination at 62 ft", "marked_or_limit": "legal reference", "kg": "", "lb": 96000, "comparison_combination_lb": 96000, "remaining_lb_in_stated_comparison": 16634, "source_ids": "S20", "note": "16,634 lb difference against rounded 79,366 lb threshold; statutory conditions apply", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "iowa-gross-weight-fines": [ { "pounds_over_legal_gross": 1000, "axle_schedule_fine_usd": 12, "gross_weight_fine_usd": 6.0, "source_id": "S20", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/321.463.pdf", "qualification": "Section 321.463(11) schedule only; not a total adjudicated penalty; subsection 11(d) permits other penalties", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "pounds_over_legal_gross": 5000, "axle_schedule_fine_usd": 375, "gross_weight_fine_usd": 187.5, "source_id": "S20", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/321.463.pdf", "qualification": "Section 321.463(11) schedule only; not a total adjudicated penalty; subsection 11(d) permits other penalties", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "pounds_over_legal_gross": 10000, "axle_schedule_fine_usd": 1150, "gross_weight_fine_usd": 575.0, "source_id": "S20", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/321.463.pdf", "qualification": "Section 321.463(11) schedule only; not a total adjudicated penalty; subsection 11(d) permits other penalties", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "pounds_over_legal_gross": 15000, "axle_schedule_fine_usd": 1700, "gross_weight_fine_usd": 850.0, "source_id": "S20", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/321.463.pdf", "qualification": "Section 321.463(11) schedule only; not a total adjudicated penalty; subsection 11(d) permits other penalties", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "pounds_over_legal_gross": 20000, "axle_schedule_fine_usd": 2200, "gross_weight_fine_usd": 1100.0, "source_id": "S20", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/321.463.pdf", "qualification": "Section 321.463(11) schedule only; not a total adjudicated penalty; subsection 11(d) permits other penalties", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "pounds_over_legal_gross": 25000, "axle_schedule_fine_usd": 2700, "gross_weight_fine_usd": 1350.0, "source_id": "S20", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/321.463.pdf", "qualification": "Section 321.463(11) schedule only; not a total adjudicated penalty; subsection 11(d) permits other penalties", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "marking-register": [ { "mark_id": "owner-code", "marking": "Owner code (first three letters)", "where_it_appears": "Identification number", "what_it_means": "The registered owner or principal operator", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Cargo origin, contents or who holds title to this unit today", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "ISO identification system; BIC registration", "clause_or_section": "BIC Codes / identification reference", "applicability": "Required within this identification system", "minimum_size_or_format": "Identification characters: at least 100 mm", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S01;S09", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/check-digit-calculator/ | https://www.bic-code.org/bic-codes/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "equipment-u", "marking": "Equipment category identifier U", "where_it_appears": "Fourth character of identification number", "what_it_means": "A freight container", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Whether it is dry, reefer or open-top", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "ISO identification system, explained by BIC", "clause_or_section": "Equipment category U", "applicability": "Required category within this format", "minimum_size_or_format": "One category letter", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S01;S09", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/check-digit-calculator/ | https://www.bic-code.org/bic-codes/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "equipment-j", "marking": "Equipment category identifier J", "where_it_appears": "Fourth character of identification number", "what_it_means": "Detachable freight-container-related equipment", "what_it_does_not_establish": "A trailer or chassis; that category is Z", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "ISO identification system, explained by BIC", "clause_or_section": "Equipment category J", "applicability": "Conditional equipment category", "minimum_size_or_format": "One category letter", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S01;S09", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/check-digit-calculator/ | https://www.bic-code.org/bic-codes/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "equipment-z", "marking": "Equipment category identifier Z", "where_it_appears": "Fourth character of identification number", "what_it_means": "A trailer or chassis", "what_it_does_not_establish": "A freight container", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "ISO identification system, explained by BIC", "clause_or_section": "Equipment category Z", "applicability": "Conditional equipment category", "minimum_size_or_format": "One category letter", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S01;S09", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/check-digit-calculator/ | https://www.bic-code.org/bic-codes/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "serial", "marking": "Six-digit serial number", "where_it_appears": "Identification number", "what_it_means": "The owner/operator reference for the unit", "what_it_does_not_establish": "A standardised manufacture date or other guaranteed encoded meaning", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "ISO identification system, explained by BIC", "clause_or_section": "Serial number", "applicability": "Required within this format", "minimum_size_or_format": "Six digits, including leading zeros", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S01;S09", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/check-digit-calculator/ | https://www.bic-code.org/bic-codes/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "check-digit", "marking": "Check digit", "where_it_appears": "Eleventh character of identification number", "what_it_means": "A checksum for recording/transmission consistency", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Registration, ownership, existence, condition or proof of error-free transcription", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "ISO identification system; GDV algorithm explanation", "clause_or_section": "Check digit / handbook section 3.3", "applicability": "Required within this format", "minimum_size_or_format": "One digit; raw remainder 10 maps to 0", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S01;S08;S09", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/check-digit-calculator/ | https://www.containerhandbuch.de/chb_e/stra/stra_03_03_00.html | https://www.bic-code.org/bic-codes/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "size-type", "marking": "Size and type code", "where_it_appears": "Separate marking near identification", "what_it_means": "Length, width/height, and detailed type/characteristics", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Actual cargo mass or usable door opening", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "ISO size/type system, explained by BIC", "clause_or_section": "Size & Type Code", "applicability": "Code interpretation", "minimum_size_or_format": "Four characters; no independent minimum height verified here", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S03", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/size-type-code/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "reduced-capability", "marking": "Letter in fourth position of detailed size/type code", "where_it_appears": "Detailed size/type marking, not type-group code", "what_it_means": "Reduced stacking and/or racking capability under the relevant table category", "what_it_does_not_establish": "The exact load limit or present condition", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "BIC published detailed type-code table", "clause_or_section": "Reduced-capability column and footnote", "applicability": "Conditional detailed type code", "minimum_size_or_format": "Not applicable to type-group suffixes such as GP", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S04", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/type-code-designation/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "max-gross", "marking": "MAX GROSS", "where_it_appears": "Door mass marking", "what_it_means": "Maximum permitted combined container-and-contents mass at the stated rating", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Actual packed mass or legal vehicle-combination weight", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "Operational marks explained by BIC; CSC rating", "clause_or_section": "Mandatory Operational Marks", "applicability": "Operational marking", "minimum_size_or_format": "At least 50 mm characters; value must match CSC plate", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S02;S14", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/ | https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-IV/subchapter-B/part-451/subpart-C", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "tare", "marking": "TARE", "where_it_appears": "Door mass marking", "what_it_means": "Mass of the empty container", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Cargo mass or a universal tare for every unit of the same type", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "Operational marks explained by BIC", "clause_or_section": "Mandatory Operational Marks", "applicability": "Operational marking", "minimum_size_or_format": "At least 50 mm characters", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S02", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "payload", "marking": "NET / PAYLOAD", "where_it_appears": "Additional door mass marking when displayed", "what_it_means": "Rated available mass: maximum gross minus tare", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Permission for a road movement or any load arrangement", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "Additional owner marking described by BIC", "clause_or_section": "Mandatory Operational Marks discussion of payload", "applicability": "Optional additional marking; not universal", "minimum_size_or_format": "No universal separate payload stencil required by this reference", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S02", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "capacity", "marking": "CU. CAP. / capacity", "where_it_appears": "Capacity marking when displayed", "what_it_means": "Internal volume", "what_it_does_not_establish": "A weight limit or a guarantee that a shape fits through the door", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "Informational capacity marking illustrated by BIC", "clause_or_section": "Marking of Containers", "applicability": "Informational; not established here as universally mandatory", "minimum_size_or_format": "Volume unit must be read with the value", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S06", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/marking-of-containers/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "height", "marking": "Height mark for containers over 2.6 m", "where_it_appears": "Two side locations described by BIC", "what_it_means": "Container height in metres and in feet/inches", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Vehicle height, route clearance or door-opening clearance", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "Operational marks explained by BIC", "clause_or_section": "Height marking", "applicability": "Conditional height warning", "minimum_size_or_format": "At least 115 x 155 mm across black border", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S02", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "electrical", "marking": "Overhead electrical danger sign", "where_it_appears": "Beside a container ladder", "what_it_means": "Warning of overhead electrical danger", "what_it_does_not_establish": "That the container is energised or climbing is otherwise safe", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "Operational marks explained by BIC", "clause_or_section": "Overhead Electrical Danger Warning", "applicability": "Conditional on ladder-equipped container", "minimum_size_or_format": "175 mm symbol; 230 mm sign minimum dimensions as described", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S02", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "csc-plate", "marking": "CSC safety approval plate", "where_it_appears": "Usually combined plate on door exterior", "what_it_means": "Approval under the applicable CSC framework", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Present condition, current examination or building/land-use approval", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "CSC; US 49 CFR part 451 subpart C", "clause_or_section": "451.21, 451.23", "applicability": "Applicable approved containers", "minimum_size_or_format": "Plate at least 200 x 100 mm; BIC reference", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S05;S14;S30", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/csc-combined-data-plate/ | https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-IV/subchapter-B/part-451/subpart-C | https://www.imo.org/en/ourwork/safety/pages/containers-default.aspx", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "manufacture", "marking": "Manufacture month and year", "where_it_appears": "CSC plate", "what_it_means": "When the container was manufactured", "what_it_does_not_establish": "When it was last examined", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "CSC plate requirements, explained by BIC", "clause_or_section": "CSC Combined Data Plate", "applicability": "Approval plate field", "minimum_size_or_format": "Month and year", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S05", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/csc-combined-data-plate/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "us-approval", "marking": "US safety approval number", "where_it_appears": "CSC plate line 1", "what_it_means": "Approving country, authority/reference and year of approval", "what_it_does_not_establish": "A recent individual examination", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "US Coast Guard regulation", "clause_or_section": "49 CFR 451.25(a)", "applicability": "US approval format", "minimum_size_or_format": "USA/(approval number including authority code)/(approval year)", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S14", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-IV/subchapter-B/part-451/subpart-C", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "ned", "marking": "Next examination date (NED)", "where_it_appears": "On or as close as practicable to safety plate", "what_it_means": "Month and year before which next examination is due", "what_it_does_not_establish": "That an examination occurred or the container is fit today", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "US Coast Guard regulation", "clause_or_section": "49 CFR 452.1(b)", "applicability": "Periodic examination marking", "minimum_size_or_format": "Month/year; medium capable of at least 24 months legibility", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S15", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-IV/subchapter-B/part-452", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "acep", "marking": "ACEP marking", "where_it_appears": "As close as practicable to CSC plate", "what_it_means": "Participation in an approved continuous examination programme", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Exemption from thorough examination or maintenance", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "US Coast Guard regulation", "clause_or_section": "49 CFR 452.7(b), 452.9", "applicability": "Approved programme; national scheme format applies", "minimum_size_or_format": "US format: ACEP/USA/(year programme approved)", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S15", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-IV/subchapter-B/part-452", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "customs", "marking": "Customs approval plate", "where_it_appears": "On/near door or main opening; sometimes combined plate", "what_it_means": "Approval for transport under customs seal", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Structural safety approval", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "Applicable customs convention and US customs certification", "clause_or_section": "19 CFR 115.30, 115.32, 115.40, 115.42", "applicability": "Customs-approved containers under applicable procedure", "minimum_size_or_format": "Not the CSC plate; see applicable customs approval", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S29", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-19/chapter-I/part-115", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "timber", "marking": "Timber treatment plate", "where_it_appears": "Combined data plate where present", "what_it_means": "Treatment information concerning the wooden floor", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Treatment of the cargo or current freedom from pests", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "BIC descriptive reference; not a universal legal requirement", "clause_or_section": "CSC Combined Data Plate", "applicability": "Where present; current national treatment acceptance not assessed", "minimum_size_or_format": "No current universal format or mandate asserted", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S05", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/csc-combined-data-plate/", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "hazard", "marking": "Hazard placards", "where_it_appears": "Container exterior as applicable", "what_it_means": "Cargo hazard class/division when placarding requirements apply", "what_it_does_not_establish": "Container identity/type or a complete account of every possible hazard", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "PHMSA hazardous materials regulations", "clause_or_section": "49 CFR 172.504, 172.512, 172.519", "applicability": "Cargo-, quantity-, mode- and exception-dependent", "minimum_size_or_format": "General diamond minimum 250 mm; regulatory exceptions apply", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S19;S33;S16", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172/subpart-F/section-172.504 | https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172/subpart-F/section-172.512 | https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172/subpart-F/section-172.519", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "mark_id": "fumigant", "marking": "FUMIGANT marking", "where_it_appears": "Prominently visible to someone attempting entry", "what_it_means": "Lading has been or is being fumigated", "what_it_does_not_establish": "That an unmarked or previously ventilated unit is free of fumigant", "governing_instrument_or_reference": "PHMSA regulation; CTU Code safety guidance", "clause_or_section": "49 CFR 173.9; CTU Code annex 5, 4.1.2.2–4.1.2.4", "applicability": "Fumigated lading; applicable rules and exceptions", "minimum_size_or_format": "Refer to 173.9; no work procedure supplied", "tier": "★", "verification_basis": "Direct read of the named source, not a claim to have reviewed full licensed ISO text", "source_ids": "S18;S27", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-173/subpart-A/section-173.9 | https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/%40ed_dialogue/%40sector/documents/publication/wcms_492710.pdf", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "marking-size-specs": [ { "spec_id": "id-height", "marking": "Identification number characters", "dimension_type": "Minimum character height", "value_metric": "100 mm", "value_imperial": "4 in (BIC wording)", "instrument": "BIC identification reference", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S01", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/check-digit-calculator/", "qualification": "Proportionate, durable, contrasting colour", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "size-type-height", "marking": "Size/type code characters", "dimension_type": "Verification boundary", "value_metric": "No separate minimum established in reviewed BIC reference", "value_imperial": "", "instrument": "BIC Size & Type Code", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S03", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/size-type-code/", "qualification": "The 100 mm sentence on that page expressly describes the identification sequence; it is not evidence for a separate code-height claim", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "mass-height", "marking": "Maximum gross and tare characters", "dimension_type": "Minimum character height", "value_metric": "50 mm", "value_imperial": "", "instrument": "BIC operational marks", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S02", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/", "qualification": "Applies to mass characters described by BIC", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "electrical-symbol", "marking": "Lightning symbol", "dimension_type": "Minimum symbol height", "value_metric": "175 mm", "value_imperial": "6.875 in (BIC wording)", "instrument": "BIC operational marks", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S02", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/", "qualification": "Black on yellow; ladder-equipped container", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "electrical-sign", "marking": "Overhead electrical danger sign", "dimension_type": "Minimum outside-border dimension", "value_metric": "230 mm", "value_imperial": "9 in (BIC wording)", "instrument": "BIC operational marks", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S02", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/", "qualification": "Placed beside ladder", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "height-size", "marking": "Height mark for containers over 2.6 m", "dimension_type": "Minimum dimensions across black border", "value_metric": "115 x 155 mm", "value_imperial": "", "instrument": "BIC operational marks", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S02", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/", "qualification": "Metric upper / feet-inches lower; no understatement of height", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "height-placement", "marking": "Height mark placement", "dimension_type": "Position and count", "value_metric": "2 locations; within 1.2 m of top and 0.6 m of right edge", "value_imperial": "4 ft and 2 ft (BIC wording)", "instrument": "BIC operational marks", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S02", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/", "qualification": "Near right edge of each side, below identification", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "csc-size", "marking": "CSC plate", "dimension_type": "Minimum rectangular dimensions", "value_metric": "200 x 100 mm", "value_imperial": "", "instrument": "CSC Annex I, as explained by BIC", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S05", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/csc-combined-data-plate/", "qualification": "Permanent, non-corrosive and fireproof", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "csc-heading", "marking": "CSC SAFETY APPROVAL heading", "dimension_type": "Minimum letter height", "value_metric": "8 mm", "value_imperial": "", "instrument": "CSC Annex I, as explained by BIC", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S05", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/csc-combined-data-plate/", "qualification": "Plate heading", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "csc-other", "marking": "Other CSC words and numbers", "dimension_type": "Minimum character height", "value_metric": "5 mm", "value_imperial": "", "instrument": "CSC Annex I, as explained by BIC", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S05", "source_url": "https://www.bic-code.org/csc-combined-data-plate/", "qualification": "Other text/numbers on plate", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "csc-fire", "marking": "US CSC plate fire performance", "dimension_type": "Legibility performance", "value_metric": "15 minutes at 540 degrees C", "value_imperial": "1,000 degrees F", "instrument": "49 CFR 451.23(b)(1)", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S14", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-IV/subchapter-B/part-451/subpart-C", "qualification": "Medium-intensity fire, mounted on specified container material", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "ned-durability", "marking": "US next-examination mark", "dimension_type": "Legibility capability", "value_metric": "At least 24 months", "value_imperial": "", "instrument": "49 CFR 452.1(b)", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S15", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-IV/subchapter-B/part-452", "qualification": "Not permission for an unreadable required mark before the next examination", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "placard-size", "marking": "US diamond hazard placard", "dimension_type": "Minimum size and inner-border position", "value_metric": "250 mm side; approximately 12.5 mm inset", "value_imperial": "9.84 in side", "instrument": "49 CFR 172.519(c)(1)", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S16", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172/subpart-F/section-172.519", "qualification": "General rule; domestic grandfathering and other exceptions apply", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "placard-class", "marking": "Hazard class/division numerals", "dimension_type": "Minimum numeral height", "value_metric": "41 mm", "value_imperial": "1.6 in", "instrument": "49 CFR 172.519(c)(2)", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S16", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172/subpart-F/section-172.519", "qualification": "Except as otherwise provided in that subpart", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" }, { "spec_id": "placard-weather", "marking": "Placard durability", "dimension_type": "Open-weather exposure", "value_metric": "30 days", "value_imperial": "", "instrument": "49 CFR 172.519(a)(1)", "tier": "★", "source_id": "S16", "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172/subpart-F/section-172.519", "qualification": "Without deterioration or substantial reduction in effectiveness", "verified_date": "2026-09-15" } ], "carrier-code-examples": [ { "code": "22G1", "length_character": "2 = 20 ft", "height_character": "2 = 8 ft 6 in", "type": "G1 general purpose", "capacity_cbm": 33.2, "max_gross_kg": 30480, "max_gross_lb_published": 67197, "tare_kg": 2350, "tare_lb_published": 5181, "max_payload_kg": 28130, "max_payload_lb_published": 62016, "source_id": "S22", "source_url": "https://www.hapag-lloyd.com/en/services-information/cargo-fleet/container/20-standard.html", "verified_date": "2026-09-15", "qualification": "One carrier fleet example, not a universal specification or average", "source_conflict": "" }, { "code": "42G1", "length_character": "4 = 40 ft", "height_character": "2 = 8 ft 6 in", "type": "G1 general purpose", "capacity_cbm": 67.7, "max_gross_kg": 32500, "max_gross_lb_published": 71650, "tare_kg": 3750, "tare_lb_published": 8267, "max_payload_kg": 28750, "max_payload_lb_published": 63383, "source_id": "S23", "source_url": "https://www.hapag-lloyd.com/en/services-information/cargo-fleet/container/40-standard.html", "verified_date": "2026-09-15", "qualification": "One carrier fleet example, not a universal specification or average", "source_conflict": "" }, { "code": "45G1", "length_character": "4 = 40 ft", "height_character": "5 = 9 ft 6 in", "type": "G1 general purpose", "capacity_cbm": 76.3, "max_gross_kg": 32500, "max_gross_lb_published": 71650, "tare_kg": 3900, "tare_lb_published": 8598, "max_payload_kg": 28600, "max_payload_lb_published": 63052, "source_id": "S24", "source_url": "https://www.hapag-lloyd.com/en/services-information/cargo-fleet/container/40-standard-high-cube.html", "verified_date": "2026-09-15", "qualification": "One carrier fleet example, not a universal specification or average", "source_conflict": "" }, { "code": "L5G1", "length_character": "L = 45 ft in carrier example", "height_character": "5 = 9 ft 6 in", "type": "G1 general purpose", "capacity_cbm": 86.0, "max_gross_kg": 32500, "max_gross_lb_published": 71650, "tare_kg": 4800, "tare_lb_published": 10552, "max_payload_kg": 27700, "max_payload_lb_published": 61067, "source_id": "S25", "source_url": "https://www.hapag-lloyd.com/en/services-information/cargo-fleet/container/45-standard-high-cube.html", "verified_date": "2026-09-15", "qualification": "One carrier fleet example, not a universal specification or average", "source_conflict": "Carrier publishes incompatible tare values: 4,800 kg and 10,552 lb; metric arithmetic used. L length mapping conflicts with BIC public table." } ], "sources": [ { "source_id": "S01", "publisher": "Bureau International des Containers", "document": "Container Check Digit Calculator", "url": "https://www.bic-code.org/check-digit-calculator/", "source_type": "Public institutional reference", "source_vintage": "Undated; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Identifier structure and minimum character height; not the complete algorithm", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S02", "publisher": "Bureau International des Containers", "document": "Mandatory Operational Marks", "url": "https://www.bic-code.org/mandatory-operational-marks/", "source_type": "Public institutional reference", "source_vintage": "Undated; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Mass marks, optional payload, electrical and height warning specifications", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S03", "publisher": "Bureau International des Containers", "document": "Size & Type Code", "url": "https://www.bic-code.org/size-type-code/", "source_type": "Public institutional reference", "source_vintage": "Undated; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Code structure and publicly displayed size mapping; conflicting 45-foot mapping retained", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S04", "publisher": "Bureau International des Containers", "document": "Type Code Designation", "url": "https://www.bic-code.org/type-code-designation/", "source_type": "Public institutional reference", "source_vintage": "ISO 6346:2022 table identified by publisher", "verification_scope": "Detailed type codes and reduced stacking/racking footnote; not type-group codes", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S05", "publisher": "Bureau International des Containers", "document": "CSC Combined Data Plate", "url": "https://www.bic-code.org/csc-combined-data-plate/", "source_type": "Public institutional reference", "source_vintage": "Undated; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Plate dimensions, text heights, combined plate components; not a direct licensed CSC/ISO read", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S06", "publisher": "Bureau International des Containers", "document": "Marking of Containers", "url": "https://www.bic-code.org/marking-of-containers/", "source_type": "Public institutional reference", "source_vintage": "Undated; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Locations and labels; not every illustrated mark is universally mandatory", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S07", "publisher": "Bureau International des Containers", "document": "BoxTech Global Container Database", "url": "https://www.bic-code.org/boxtech/", "source_type": "Original database operator", "source_vintage": "Undated live page; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Operator states over 15 million container records; technical fields include tare", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S08", "publisher": "German Insurance Association (GDV)", "document": "Container Handbook, section 3.3: Identification system", "url": "https://www.containerhandbuch.de/chb_e/stra/stra_03_03_00.html", "source_type": "Original institutional technical handbook", "source_vintage": "Historical explanation referring to DIN EN ISO 6346:1996", "verification_scope": "Algorithm reference, zero/remainder-ten rule, SUDU and TEXU validation examples; not current normative ISO text", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S09", "publisher": "Bureau International des Containers", "document": "BIC Codes", "url": "https://www.bic-code.org/bic-codes/", "source_type": "Registry operator", "source_vintage": "Undated live reference; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Theoretical BICU 123456 5 example; register history and equipment identifier", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S10", "publisher": "International Organization for Standardization", "document": "ISO 6346:2022 catalogue", "url": "https://www.iso.org/standard/83558.html", "source_type": "Standards issuer catalogue", "source_vintage": "Edition 4; published 2022-04-26; corrected 2022-08", "verification_scope": "Scope, regulatory disclaimer, preceding-edition marks, publication status and CHF 135 price", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S11", "publisher": "International Organization for Standardization", "document": "ISO 6346 fifth-edition project catalogue", "url": "https://www.iso.org/standard/90821.html", "source_type": "Standards issuer catalogue", "source_vintage": "Under publication, stage 60.00, since 2026-08-12", "verification_scope": "Development dates and status as checked; not a published fifth-edition text", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S12", "publisher": "International Organization for Standardization", "document": "ISO 668:2020 catalogue", "url": "https://www.iso.org/standard/76912.html", "source_type": "Standards issuer catalogue", "source_vintage": "Edition 7; published 2020-01-06; Amendment 1:2022 listed", "verification_scope": "Catalogue status, review date, standard/amendment prices; amendment text not reviewed", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S13", "publisher": "International Organization for Standardization; preview hosted by iTeh", "document": "ISO 668:2020 original-text preview, clause 5.2.2", "url": "https://cdn.standards.iteh.ai/samples/76912/7354663676144f8ab1a7b57cb573b0a6/ISO-668-2020.pdf", "source_type": "Original standard excerpt", "source_vintage": "2020 base text, excluding later amendment", "verification_scope": "36,000 kg threshold with testing and marking conditions; historical base-text comparison only", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S14", "publisher": "US Coast Guard; eCFR", "document": "49 CFR part 451, subpart C: Safety Approval Plate", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-IV/subchapter-B/part-451/subpart-C", "source_type": "Federal regulation", "source_vintage": "eCFR text retrieved 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Sections 451.21, 451.23 and 451.25", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S15", "publisher": "US Coast Guard; eCFR", "document": "49 CFR part 452: Examination of Containers", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-IV/subchapter-B/part-452", "source_type": "Federal regulation", "source_vintage": "eCFR title 49 displayed up to date as of 2026-09-11", "verification_scope": "Periodic/continuous examinations, NED, ACEP, 24-month mark durability and 30-month examinations", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S16", "publisher": "PHMSA; eCFR", "document": "49 CFR 172.519: General specifications for placards", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172/subpart-F/section-172.519", "source_type": "Federal regulation", "source_vintage": "eCFR title 49 displayed up to date as of 2026-09-11", "verification_scope": "250 mm size, 12.5 mm border, 41 mm numerals, durability, domestic grandfathering and exceptions", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S17", "publisher": "US Government Publishing Office", "document": "49 CFR 172.519, 2010 published edition", "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2010-title49-vol2/pdf/CFR-2010-title49-vol2-sec172-519.pdf", "source_type": "Historical federal regulation", "source_vintage": "2010 published CFR edition", "verification_scope": "Historical 273 mm size and 12.7 mm border; not the current rule", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S18", "publisher": "PHMSA; eCFR", "document": "49 CFR 173.9: Transport vehicles or freight containers containing lading which has been fumigated", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-173/subpart-A/section-173.9", "source_type": "Federal regulation", "source_vintage": "eCFR text retrieved 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "FUMIGANT marking and narrow ventilation exemption; no operational instructions reproduced", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S19", "publisher": "PHMSA; eCFR", "document": "49 CFR 172.504: General placarding requirements", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172/subpart-F/section-172.504", "source_type": "Federal regulation", "source_vintage": "eCFR text retrieved 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Placarding requirements and exceptions; applied with 172.512 and 172.519", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S20", "publisher": "Iowa Legislature", "document": "Iowa Code 2026, section 321.463", "url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/321.463.pdf", "source_type": "State statute", "source_vintage": "Iowa Code 2026; PDF dated 2025-12-11", "verification_scope": "Axle/gross limits and exceptions, noninterstate 6/7-axle weights, fines, understated cargo weight and offence classification", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S21", "publisher": "Iowa Department of Transportation", "document": "Types of Oversize/Overweight Permits", "url": "https://iowadot.gov/motor-carriers/how-do-i-get-oversize-overweight-permits/permit-types", "source_type": "Issuing agency guidance", "source_vintage": "Live page checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Indivisible definition, All-Systems Overweight and raw forest products; no blanket ban on divisible permits", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S22", "publisher": "Hapag-Lloyd", "document": "20-foot Standard container example", "url": "https://www.hapag-lloyd.com/en/services-information/cargo-fleet/container/20-standard.html", "source_type": "Original carrier specification", "source_vintage": "Undated fleet example; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "22G1, volume and mass values; example not industry average", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S23", "publisher": "Hapag-Lloyd", "document": "40-foot Standard container example", "url": "https://www.hapag-lloyd.com/en/services-information/cargo-fleet/container/40-standard.html", "source_type": "Original carrier specification", "source_vintage": "Undated fleet example; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "42G1, volume and mass values; example not industry average", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S24", "publisher": "Hapag-Lloyd", "document": "40-foot Standard High Cube container example", "url": "https://www.hapag-lloyd.com/en/services-information/cargo-fleet/container/40-standard-high-cube.html", "source_type": "Original carrier specification", "source_vintage": "Undated fleet example; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "45G1, volume and mass values; example not industry average", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S25", "publisher": "Hapag-Lloyd", "document": "45-foot Standard High Cube container example", "url": "https://www.hapag-lloyd.com/en/services-information/cargo-fleet/container/45-standard-high-cube.html", "source_type": "Original carrier specification", "source_vintage": "Undated fleet example; checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "L5G1 and mass/volume; preserves conflicting 4,800 kg and 10,552 lb tare values as published", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S26", "publisher": "International Maritime Organization", "document": "Verification of the gross mass of a packed container", "url": "https://www.imo.org/en/ourwork/safety/pages/verification-of-the-gross-mass.aspx", "source_type": "Treaty administrator guidance", "source_vintage": "SOLAS amendment effective 2016-07-01; page checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Actual packed gross mass, shipper responsibility and two approved verification methods", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S27", "publisher": "IMO/ILO/UNECE; International Labour Organization copy", "document": "CTU Code: section 6.2.2; annex 4, sections 1–2; annex 5, sections 4.1.2.2–4.1.2.4", "url": "https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/%40ed_dialogue/%40sector/documents/publication/wcms_492710.pdf", "source_type": "Original intergovernmental code", "source_vintage": "2014 CTU Code; electronic edition published 2016", "verification_scope": "CSC maximum-gross field and cargo-mass distinction; absence of warning does not exclude fumigants; absorbed gas, lost marks and listed cargo examples", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S28", "publisher": "National Institute of Standards and Technology", "document": "NIST Guide to the SI, footnote 22", "url": "https://www.nist.gov/pml/special-publication-811/nist-guide-si-footnotes", "source_type": "National measurement authority", "source_vintage": "Page updated 2025-08-18", "verification_scope": "Exact avoirdupois pound conversion: 0.45359237 kg", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S29", "publisher": "US Customs and Border Protection; eCFR", "document": "19 CFR part 115: Cargo Container and Road Vehicle Certification Pursuant to International Customs Conventions", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-19/chapter-I/part-115", "source_type": "Federal regulation", "source_vintage": "eCFR text retrieved 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Customs approval; sections 115.30, 115.32, 115.40 and 115.42", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S30", "publisher": "International Maritime Organization", "document": "International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC)", "url": "https://www.imo.org/en/ourwork/safety/pages/containers-default.aspx", "source_type": "Treaty administrator guidance", "source_vintage": "1972 convention as amended; page checked 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Scope, approval, owner maintenance responsibility; not all boxes/air containers covered", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S31", "publisher": "Iowa Legislature", "document": "Iowa Code 2026, section 321E.26: Transportation of raw forest products", "url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/321E.26.pdf", "source_type": "State statute", "source_vintage": "Iowa Code 2026; PDF dated 2025-12-11", "verification_scope": "Expressly permits qualifying divisible raw forest product loads, excluding interstate travel", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S32", "publisher": "Iowa Legislature", "document": "Iowa Code 2026, section 321E.29: Excess size divisible load permits", "url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/321E.29.pdf", "source_type": "State statute", "source_vintage": "Iowa Code 2026; PDF dated 2025-12-11", "verification_scope": "Special/emergency divisible-load permits with authority-set weight and route conditions", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S33", "publisher": "PHMSA; eCFR", "document": "49 CFR 172.512: Freight containers and aircraft unit load devices", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172/subpart-F/section-172.512", "source_type": "Federal regulation", "source_vintage": "eCFR text retrieved 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Freight-container placarding applicability and exceptions", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" }, { "source_id": "S34", "publisher": "PHMSA; eCFR", "document": "49 CFR 173.29: Empty packagings", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-173/subpart-B/section-173.29", "source_type": "Federal regulation", "source_vintage": "eCFR text retrieved 2026-09-15", "verification_scope": "Residue hazards and conditional exceptions; unloading alone does not erase hazard obligations", "date_checked": "2026-09-15" } ] } }